Facts
  • The body needs adequate fluids to function properly.
  • Sweating is how the body removes excess heat but can result in dehydration.
  • Dehydration can be life-threatening.

 

Causes of Injury
  • Inadequate fluid intake
  • Hot climate
  • Excessive perspiration
  • Strenuous exercise

 

Prevention
  • Drink extra fluid for several days before exposure to hot weather.
  • Drink at least 1/2 gallon of fluid / day (at least 1 gallon / day in hot weather or when engaged in strenuous activity).
  • Drink at regular intervals, not just to satisfy thirst.
  • Keep clothes on to decrease water loss.
  • Schedule strenuous activities in the cool part of the day.
  • Reduce activity during the heat of the day.
  • Limit sun exposure – seek shade.
  • Breathe through the nose, not the mouth.
  • Do not lick dry lips as this will cause cracking.
  • Avoid caffeine, alcohol, and smoking which can hasten dehydration.

 

Planning / Packing Guide
  • Bring:
    • A minimum of 1 gallon of water / person / day
    • Electrolyte replacement powders
    • Canteen
    • Chapstick
  • Do NOT bring:
    • Alcohol
    • Caffeine
    • Tobacco

 

Symptoms
  • Early Symptoms
    • Thirst
    • Dry mouth, lips and nasal passages
    • Weakness / fatigue
    • Moves slowly
    • Flushed face
    • Dizziness
    • Headache
    • Muscle cramps
    • Infrequent urination / dark urine
  • Later Symptoms
    • Nausea
    • Confusion
    • Irritability
    • Drowsiness
    • High temperature
    • Difficult breathing
    • Bluish color
    • Indistinct speech
    • Inability to walk

 

First Aid
  • Give more fluids at frequent intervals.
  • Seek shade and avoid exertion.
  • Use chapstick on dry lips to prevent further cracking.
  • See Hypothermia for further information.

 

Related Links